States of Matter

 There are 3 states of matter: Solid, Liquid, and Gas. There is a theory named 'kinetic' or 'Particle theory' that explains these materials or particles are depicted as inelastic small balls.

For solids, the particles in a solid have a lot of attraction so that they don't get pulled apart easily. These particles can vibrate, but because of their strong attraction to each other, the particles are in a fixed position and don't move. 
But if we heat the solid up, it causes the particles inside the solid to vibrate quickly, causing them to reach their melting point, and then they break free of their bonds to turn into a liquid, which has very weak bonds between its particles and has the property of being able to change its shape to fit its container.
If we keep heating the liquid up, the particles' bonds will keep decreasing until there is no strength in the bonds and causing the liquid to turn into a gas.

These gases are strange because, since the bonds are very weak, the gas can occupy any container you put it in.
But if we heat up the gas in its container, it can either do one of two things. For example, if we use a balloon, it will expand the container, but if we use something rigid or fixed, like a metal can, it will cause the heat to build up into pressure.

If we cool the liquid, the weak forms of attraction will cause the bonds to be fixed in place, and if we cool it enough, it can cause the liquid to freeze.

If we are in a closed system, the change in states of matter will affect its density since the different states have different densities, but the mass stays constant as it is the same number of particles 

Sanskrit in English

Many languages' roots come from Sanskrit, as it serves as a baseline, and languages like Hindi, Bengali, and Punjabi, as well as other Indo-European languages like Italian and French, and Germanic languages such as English and German.

Sanskrit is the oldest source of a "Proto-Indo European language", in history.
Words like "Matr" (Sanskrit for mother) and "Pithr" (Sanskrit for father) are used in the English language as ways to address one's parents.

"Na" being "No", and "Dwar" meaning "door". 

Often, when a word goes from Sanskrit to a Latin or Germanic language, it turns the 'p' sounds into 'th' sounds, and the word 'matr' turns to 'mother'.

In the Vedas, there is a sky god named Dyauspitr, whose the word 'dayus' means sky, while the Greeks have Zeus Pater, which is eerily similar to each other in pronouciation, and the Roman god Jupiter (which is the Roman version of Zeus, is 'Jeu-piter', all of these words sound very similar when spoken, and the Vedas has Indra, which is dubed as the 'king of the gods' being the son of Dyauspitr.
Indra has many qualities that are not associated with Jupiter and Zeus. Indra is the god of the sky and is supposed to throw bolts of lightning, which is similar to the Norse god of lightning, Thor. Indra also has a hammer that can also throw lightning, similar to Thor.