Wednesday, June 25, 2025

Organization in the human body

 Our bodies are very organised, because without it, we would die.

There is a hierarchy of organisation for our bodies, and they are: the Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Organ systems. 

Cells are the smallest unit of life on this planet, being small and specialised to take on tasks.
Tissues are large groups of specialised cells and often coat large amounts of space on our bodies, like the tissues in our mouths, and the tissues that form when we hurt we hurt ourselves, named scar tissues.
Organs and Organ Systems, are for well what they are named. These are often known as Lungs, Kidneys, your Heart, and other organs. Organ systems are sytems by organs in order for you to breath, like the respitory system.

Acceleration

Acceleration is the speed gained over time; for example, a sports car is much faster than a normal car because of its acceleration.

The calculation is the change in Velocity divided by Time. The standard way of writing it is m/s, or meters per second.
If we simplify it, is it m/s^2 or meters per second squared, something to keep in mind is that both velocity and acceleration are different, as if we take a car and drive it on a road, and take photos every second and overlay them together, it looks like the car is getting further and further away each photo. 

This is an accurate depiction of what acceleration looks like. This style of diagram is named 'the oil-drop diagram' because it looks like an oil drop.

Another thing to keep in mind is that velocity is a vector, meaning that there is a direction the object is moving in.
But if the object is slowing down instead of speeding up, then it is decelerating, 




Tuesday, June 24, 2025

Plants and Animal cells

 Plants and animals are different, but the cells are very similar, with some subtle differences.

Plant and animal cells have a cell membrane, which is the protective wall around the cell, along with the Cytosol, which holds all of the small organelles. Such as the Nucleus and Mitochondria, which are in the fluid part of the cytoplasm.

There is also a big difference.
The plant cell has a 'cell wall' which is much bigger than the cell membrane and is what makes the plant rigid instead of floppy.

They also have these small green things, named Chloroplasts, which also come with the benefit that, making these plants green, they will convert sunlight into their own food and sugars for the mitochondria to break down for the plant. Mitochondria provide energy for the cell to move things in and out of the cell membrane, as it isn't a static wall and lets things go in and out while expending energy.



Thursday, June 19, 2025

Hinduism, the ideas of Brahman, Atman, Samsara and Moksha.

Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the world, dating back as far as 5,000 years ago or 1500 BCE.

There are some elements that come from the Vedic period and shape the core beliefs of modern Hinduism. It is believed that the roots of Hinduism come from an Indo-Aryan people native to central Asia.

Hinduism is a merged religion since there are many ways to practice Hinduism, such as the Sindhu in Sanskrit, and Hindus in Persian, and the Indus in Latin, this re

Wednesday, June 18, 2025

Position, Velocity, and Speed

 Position is a location, using references as a scale on where it is, if we were to put a toy car on a road, we don't really know where it is, but if we put say, a pole on it's left, then we can use the pole as 0, and any number afteer is is positive and any number before it is negitive. 

Location is a "vector", which is a direction of travel. 
If the car were to move, say 225 meters in 3 seconds, and it started at 10 meters, what would be the formula for it? First, we need to know the distance, which is a simple minus 25-10, which gives us 15.
Second, we need to have another value, which is something called velocity, meaning how fast something is going. We know that it travelled 15m in 3 seconds,  so we take the 15 and divide it by 3, which gives us '5'. So it we can confidently say that the car travelled 5m/s or 5 meters per second.

Now we can discuss speed, which is how fast an object is moving. Speed is the distance divided by time, which in this question is 15/3, which gives us 5m/s. 
Keep in mind that these equations are applicable when the object is moving at a constant rate. However, if the object is slowing down or speeding up, they depict the average speed of the object. 

One thing to keep in mind is that speed is just a value; it doesn't matter what direction the object is travelling, it only matters how fast. While distance is for calulating 'distance' and is for when it is travelling back and forth with positive and negative positions. 

Niger

 This country is Niger, not Nigeria, these are two different diferent African countries, and the males put on a beauty pagent for female judges that can choose the winner and the female judge will sleep with them.

Niger is bordered by 7 other countries, Algeria, Mali, Chad, Libya, Nigeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, and is landlocked and takes around 1.3millionn square kilometerrs or over 500,000 square miles, split into 7 regions with the captial Niamey in the south west, and the second largest city being Zinder in the southeast and Maradi in the central.

95% of the population lives in the south, where all the roads are, with only one road going into the mining town, Arlit. 
In the northeastern part is the Saharan Region, which only uses dirt roads, and there is a military outpost which patrols the border with Libya. 

The road from Libya into Niger passes by the Kouru Arkenne airstrip, with two airports the Diori Hamani International Airpot, and Agazes' Nano Dayak, they are working with Benin, to make a rail line.

During Colonial times Niger's borders were kind of weird because for a time, because unnti 1921, half off Chad's land because of the borders being drawn by the French and other Colonisers.

Their landmarks are very small and hard to find since the majority is in the Sahara desert, like the UTA flight 772 crash site monument in the sand, hundreds of kilometres from any buildings. And the Tenere tree, which is the only tree in around 400 kilometres, until a drunk driver strangely knocked it down in the 70s.

Other historical or interesting landmarks are: 
The Nguigmi desert caravan town, the Maradi palace and grand bazar, the National museum of Niger, the Djado and Djaba ruins, the Agadez grand Mosque, the Ayorou hippo tours, the Gobero cemetery site which is over than 10,000 years, the cave drawings of Tituidit and Dobous, the Tuareg festival, the Timia oasis town, Kaoure Giraffe reserve, the animal store of balleyara, the city of Zinder which is the cultural captial of Niger, the Berni corner and Sultan's palace.


Cell parts and their functions

There are many things built out of cells, and each cell is made of smaller functions that are necessary for it to carry out its functions.

First is the cell membrane, which is the cell's outer wall and is what separates the insides of the cell from the outside environment. Inside the cell is the cell's Cytoplasm, a jelly-like substance that holds all its contents very rigidly.

Inside the Cytoplasm are something called Organelles, which are small, organ-like structures that can carry out their functions. If you look at cells, there are small bean-like organelles, which are mitochondria, which are the "powerhouse of the cell". These organelles break down sugar molecules to help power the cell.

The Nucleus is what holds all the genes of the cell, and sort of like computer code to the cell on what to do to survive or to reproduce.



Cells and organisms

Cells are the building blocks of life. All organisms are built out of cells. Many cells can do things such as remove waste, use and produce energy, such as red blood cells that are in our bodies, or cells that cover mushrooms.

Our eyes are not strong enough to see the small cells in living things; instead, we use Microscopes to see things with a closer lens. Organisms that are built out of many cells are multicellular, while single-celled organisms are unicellular. 

An example of a unicellular organism is the E. coli bacteria. By itself, it is made to reproduce, make and use energy, and take in nutrients, and multicellular organisms use many cells to carry out their procedures.

All cells come from other cells, meaning that they are created or reproduced by cells.