Hydroelectricity uses large dams that prevent 'free-flowing' water by slowing the water down.
Hydroelectric dams stop water from flowing from upstream to downstream, and after a while, these dams make reservoirs with lots of water closely resembling a pond.
How Tidal Barrages work on tides via the moon's gravity, twice a day we get high tide and using that high tide we trap the incoming water from flowing downstream.
And when it starts to become low tide we release the water enabling us to gather electricity, these tidal barrages are built in estuaries which is where the rivers meet the sea.
The way these work is they generate electricity using gravitational potential energy to generate electricity.
Inside the tidal barrages and hydroelectric dams are turbines under the water that turn when the water flows, they are then connected to a generator that produces electricity.
The pros of running these hydroelectric generators are that the running costs are low, these can be done on small to big rivers, hardly any pollution and are super reliable as an energy source.
But there are some cons, hydroelectric dams tend to flood areas since they have to release tons of water to generate electricity completely flooding natural habitats for animals and plants, and even flooding villages due to the large amount of water.
Along with the setup being expensive, due to the scale of the tidal barrages and hydroelectric dams.
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