Lizards climate change

 Being a lizard during this climate change part of the earth may suck more than most because they are Ectothermic which means that they don't control their body heat but instead use the outside air to regulate their body heat.

Like all things they do have a limit, in all biological species temperature plays a big role in the natural life of animals.

They are unlike Endothermic animals which can regulate their body heat.

Even if the animals like a warm environment, too warm might be too much. 

A group of scientists from Denmark wanted to see what the climate crisis would do to ectothermic animals on earth, they started by looking at 300 published papers on 314 ectotherms subject, they also looked at the heart rate of the animals, and the metabolisms rate,  they dug even deeper and the results of that research were rather gloomy, they found that over 120 published studies on heat failure for 112 ectothermic species, they found that even as low as 1^o c increase in temperature it can increase the chance of heat failure or death to 110%, so most likely result in 2100 if the temperature increases to 2.7^o c ectotherm's chance of heat failure and death increases to 774%.

So global warming is bad.

Minhaj al Muslim By Sh Tariq Appleby pt: 2

 It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the last day to morn for more than three days except for her husband, who she morns for four months and ten days

Stay in your house in which the news of your husband's death reaches will until the prescribed waiting period expires.

Verily, their right upon you is that you provide them with food and clothing in a reasonable manner.

The Telephone

 The telephone was created by Alexander Graham Bell wanted a way to send speech electrically so in 1876 "yes that long time ago".

It was called The photophone, which was capable of sending sound on a beam of light. Bell made what is on the record as the first wireless call.

In 1962 The Communications Satellite Act was approved, permitting the usage of satellites in telecommunications.

Now The telephone is now in our pockets as our smartphones.

Color tv

 Color TVs are cool (which are the old boxy style TVs) and their way of making color is very different from the standard OLED or LED TVs sold today.

Color TVs color TVs screens have three beams that shoot out of the CRT (cathode ray tube) each of these beams has the name the red beam, green beam, and blue beam. The screen of a color TV set is actually made up of three different sheets of phosphor (phosphor is something that emits light), the phosphor sheets are coated with red green and blue colors.

Color TVs work by mixing the beams and the sheets to make colors, white is with all the colors, black is by turning them off, blue is made by shooting the blue phosphor sheet red, and so on.

Plastics

Plastics are created with cellulose, coal, natural gas, salt, and crude oil via polymerization.

One of the most used plastic types is ABS (also used in 3D printing).

Most plastics are made into pellets (think airsoft bullets or buckshot), which are shipped to factories to be molded into food packaging, medical devices, water bottles, etc...

The word "plastic" or "plastics" comes from the Greek word "plastikos," meaning “to grow" or "to form."

Plastics are polymers, polymers are large molecules that are made of smaller ones, called monomers, small molecules that bond together to create more complex forms such as polymers.

In the Shade of the Qur'an by Dr Abd Aziz pt: 2

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ قُل لِّأَزْوَٰجِكَ إِن كُنتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ ٱلْحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَزِينَتَهَا فَتَعَالَيْنَ أُمَتِّعْكُنَّ وَأُسَرِّحْكُنَّ سَرَاحًۭا جَمِيلًۭا

O Prophet! Say to your wives, “If you desire the life of this world and its luxury, then come, I will give you a ˹suitable˺ compensation ˹for divorce˺ and let you go graciously.

وَإِن كُنتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَٱلدَّارَ ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةَ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ أَعَدَّ لِلْمُحْسِنَـٰتِ مِنكُنَّ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًۭا

But if you desire Allah and His Messenger and the ˹everlasting˺ Home of the Hereafter, then Surely Allah has prepared a great reward for those of you who do good.”

يَـٰنِسَآءَ ٱلنَّبِىِّ مَن يَأْتِ مِنكُنَّ بِفَـٰحِشَةٍۢ مُّبَيِّنَةٍۢ يُضَـٰعَفْ لَهَا ٱلْعَذَابُ ضِعْفَيْنِ ۚ وَكَانَ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ يَسِيرًۭا

O wives of the Prophet! If any of you were to commit a blatant misconduct, the punishment would be doubled for her. And that is easy for Allah.

 وَمَن يَقْنُتْ مِنكُنَّ لِلَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَتَعْمَلْ صَـٰلِحًۭا نُّؤْتِهَآ أَجْرَهَا مَرَّتَيْنِ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لَهَا رِزْقًۭا كَرِيمًۭا ٣١

And whoever of you devoutly obeys Allah and His Messenger and does good, We will grant her double the reward, and We have prepared for her an honourable provision.

يَـٰنِسَآءَ ٱلنَّبِىِّ لَسْتُنَّ كَأَحَدٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ ۚ إِنِ ٱتَّقَيْتُنَّ فَلَا تَخْضَعْنَ بِٱلْقَوْلِ فَيَطْمَعَ ٱلَّذِى فِى قَلْبِهِۦ مَرَضٌۭ وَقُلْنَ قَوْلًۭا مَّعْرُوفًۭا ٣٢

O wives of the Prophet! You are not like any other women: if you are mindful ˹of Allah˺, then do not be overly effeminate in speech ˹with men˺ or those with sickness in their hearts may be tempted, but speak in a moderate tone.

Paper

 The word paper comes from the word "Papyrus", as they pressed pieces of papyrus together.

In ancient china, paper-makers made thick rough sheets of paper by combining chopped bark, water, plants, and fishing nets, and were left to patch in the sun.

Today paper is created of wood chips mixed with a chemical to soften the wood, and most of it is removed until only the long fibers are left creating some kind of pulp, the pulp is then it is spread on a converter belt blasted with hot air to dry and flatten it by rollers to make the paper that is utilized today.

Soda and drinks

 Soft drinks were originally from medicine store soda fountains and were flavored carbonated water sold as a medicinal liquid given by pharmacists.

These sodas became so popular that people wanted to buy them to bring home as they tasted good.

in 2003 almost 195 billion liters of soft drinks were sold worldwide, equivalent to 30 liters for every person on earth.

It starts with filtered water as it takes about 83% of the drink, the rest is syrup, mainly the syrup is made with carefully mixed ingredients and various types of sugar.

Once the filtered water and the syrup are mixed it goes into the "Carbonator" which injects or fills the bottle with the right amount of carbon dioxide. 

Before they add the liquid (cola), a machine must remove all the air (because if they don't then it might overflow or might fizz over), from the bottle to make then fills the bottle with cola.

Once it is filled with the fizzy liquid another machine screws on the cap to seal the bottle.

Then they add the labels on the sides of the bottle, with glue.

After all of that then they are shipped off to every continent and every country.

Niger

 It's pronounced Nee geeair.

The largest landlocked country in Africa.

Niger is what is counted as one of the hottest countries on earth often referred to as the "frying pan of the world".

The capital is Niamey, and the country is home to 21 million people.

There was a gold rush in the Djabo plateau in 2014.

The Agadez region which the 5th largest uranium mine on earth.

The currency is the West African Franc.

New Zeland

New Zealand is known to be forgotten from the map because it was the last discovered place by humans.

Around 1.5k miles or 2k kilometers from Australia.

Made up of 2 islands North island and a south island.

The second largest city is Wellington which is the capital, most southern capital in the world.

It has stuped cartographers about where New Zealand is on the map to the be the simplistic it is part of Oceania.

And Hobbiton which is where they filmed the Hobbit movies :D.

New Zealand is known for being a great place to film and record movies one of the films, in New Zealand is Narnia.

The Lord of the rings (which is another movie filmed in New Zealand) gave them so much tourism money to the point that they elected a "minister of the rings" in their parliament.

They also have magnetic sand.

Known throughout the world the Kiwi bird, with 5 forms on both islands.

Jade is mined in New Zealand and it is put in shops throughout New Zealand

The population of 5 million and is in the top 3 of least corrupt countries.

Rugby is everywhere here, 3 time world championship winners, and even I they don't win they normally get the top 3.

 

Unethical Experiments (by today's standards)

In the past scientists were not that nice to the patients they were studying, lots of past experiments were unethical to today's standards.

in the 1970s scientists came up with a list of rules if you were to experiment on human beings to protect the privacy and security of the human beings being tested on, known as the Belmont report 3 guidelines for experimenting on humans: 

1, Respect for persons (meaning they have to know the risks and benefits of the experiment before signing up.

2, Beneficence, is to make sure that they don't have a lasting negative impact on the patients they are studying.

3, Justice, ensuring that subjects are not exploited for the experiments.

Researchers should also ensure that the benefits and the results are distributed fairly.

Classical Conditioning:

In 1920 a psychologist named John Watson wanted to see if humans could be classically conditioned, Classical Conditioning is if you give a stimulus (food) then (saliva) will appear in your mouth, with an unrelated stimulus like a bell sound.

Albert, a 9-YEAR-OLD BABY was the subject, using animals and scary noises, so a fussy white rat was put in front of Albert and when his hands touched the rat, a bell sound would play from a metal bar struck with a hammer from behind his head startling the young baby, eventually, after a while, just the sight of the rat was enough for Albert to start crying, his brain was Conditioned to associate the rat with the loud noises.

This study ironically failed in many ways due to the fact that 1, they used one test subject (normally scientists would have multiple tests and no controls), 2,  the ethical issues, such as he did not un-condition Albert from the experiment, so he was permanently affected by the experiment, we do not know if the mother allowed this or she knew about this experiment.

The Monster study (Positive and Negative feedback):

in the late 1930s scientists, Wendell Johnson and student Mary Tudor at the university of Iowa wanted to see the impact of positive and negative feedback when the subjects were learning a language.

How they tested this was they gave positive and negative feedback on speech disorders, well there is a reason why their study is called "The monster study",

Tudor brought 22 children from an orphanage and told them that they would be getting speech therapy, 10 of these children 5 in each group had early signs of stuttering speech, but both groups had children with normal speech patterns,

the first group was told that "they had no stutters and to ignore everyone who criticizes the way they speak".

The second less fortunate group was told that "Yes you do have a stutter and to never speak unless they can do it right", "which is a terrible thing to say to children", the feedback did not affect their stutters, but it did do "wonders" "I mean sarcastically" to their self-esteem, the kids with positive feedback did not lose their stutters but the did be more confident when the spoke.

The other group, well. They were more self-conscious and withdrawn, compared to the other group, for the children it was pretty damaging, also the children were not debriefed after the project was over, meaning that there were most presumably affected long term by this project and this experiment was deemed unethical by the Belmont report.

The Milgram Experiment:

The researcher wanted to see what would happen if he pushed subjects to do things against their morals.

There were 3 separate roles: the researcher who was a person in a white lab coat (was the authority figure), the teacher who was assigned the role of the experimental subject, and the learner (paid actor) (which the issue thought was another volunteer), the authority figure gave word pairing tests and if the person which is the "teacher/subject" got an answer wrong, the subject would think that the learner was being shocked by electricity, the paid actor pretending to be in pain.

Complaining of chest pains, shouting, pounding on the table, and eventually going silent. "As you can probably tell the subject was reasonably alarmed by this",  The experiment only ended when the paid actor faked being shocked by 450 volts 3 times in a row.

Milgrim concluded that even under odd circumstances people are still going to obey an authority figure.

The Bystander Effect:

In 1968 John Darley and Bibb Latane of Columbia university wanted to do an experiment to see how people respond to a crisis, this is now named the bystander effect, the experiment goes like this: 

A few college students were in a room and were told that they were doing an experiment about the struggles of a college student, and a voice call off what seemed to be the other students (which also tested subjects) one of the students was an audio recording and not a real person, one of the students was saying that they are prone to seizures and while the other students were talking, the seizure prone student (which is in fact not a real as it was the audio recording) was having a seizure, and the John and Bibb wanted to see how long it took until one of the subjects was to get help.

John and Bibb found that if there were more people in the voice call, then the people took longer to take into action that "hey someone is having a seizure".

The subject was less inclined to ask for help as the subject believed that someone else would ask for said help.

This experiment shows that people should get help during a crisis instead of waiting for someone else to do it, and this was deemed unetical by the Belmont report.

The Standford Prison Experiment:

One study was considered so damaging to the subjects, that it had to be ended early.

In 1971 Philip Zimbardo, a psychologist at Standford University wanted to see how people placed in certain roles affected people's behavior.

So Philip decided to simulate a prison, and he cast the subjects as guards and prisoners.

 

24 white male college students were recruited to the study and separated into two groups, prisoners and guards, Philip acted as the prison superintendent (aka the prison warden).

The prisoners were searched and given ID numbers instead of names to dehumanize the prisoners.

The Prison guards "which I will just call guards from now on", were given police batons and were given orders "whatever it takes to maintain order", giving the guards power and a sense of superiority over the prisoners.

The study was meant to go for two weeks but was canceled only after six days, due to the fact that the conditions in the prison went down very fast, and one of the prisoners had to be released from the study earlier than the project was intended to go on for.

Other prisoners started a riot because the guards treated them so badly, after the riot the guards became more violent and the prisoners got many physical punishments, Zimbardo concluded that the subjects had internalized their roles and made them part of them.

The prisoners became submissive while the guards became more aggressive and abused their power, Zimbardo also allowed the guards to subject the prisoners to severe abuse which may have caused them to have permanent harm.

This was definitely not allowed at our current time, due to it being contradicted by the Belmont report.

 

Quran by dr Abdul Aziz

They convinced them to attack the prophet and his followers (before the battle) when the prophet knew they were coming, he gathered his sahabah and asked for advice, and one of them was "build a ditch/trench" so that they could protect Medinah.

Medinah was protected by mountains on the left and right and dense date plantations from the south, treason from the inside by the Hypocrites, this battle revealed the true believers from the non-believers.

The sahabah guarded the trench, if the attacked tried to jump the gap, first they would fall into the trench, and two they would get shot by arrows by the sahabah from the other side of the trench.

Youth Talk Class: 2

 Tomorrow is the Prophet Muhammads Birthday (as of 9/10/2022, we believe that's his birthday).

All of the companions of the prophet (Wives, daughters) did not celebrate the prophet's birthday.

The Netherlands

 Water in the Netherlands is very important.

They make their own Cheeese and Clogs (which is a type of shoe), clogs were used by fishermen and farmers to protect their feet from fishhooks and nails, now they are sold as souvenirs, and sometimes people wear them.

Capital Amsterdam is home to the royal palace.

Water Dominates the country and there is a town called Geithoorn which has no roads only canals, dieks which are like smaller dams that keep the sea from getting to the land, if all the dieks were to break simultaneously, well the most feasible answer would be the whole country would be a big lake, and Belgium ah Belgium the most outlandish borders to ever been seen by anyone.

Around 1000 scattered windmills from the 1800s, the windmills were used in the past to pump out excess water,

1/4 of the land and 1/5 of the population (which is 17.5 million) is below sea level and half of the land is half a meter above sea level.

The Delta works are dams that stop the ocean from reaching the mainland and have backups just in case some of them break also it is the largest engineering project in modern history.

Shell the fuel company started in The Netherlands because of Gas fields.

The Dutch are on average, the tallest people on earth.

Poisons

Poison was used to kill people in the end.

"here's what poison was used because nine words were not counted as a blog post".

It all depends on the type of toxin you use, you can either kill someone quietly or painfully, or quickly "I do not recommend you do this to anyone (unless you despise that person to the very core of their lifeform, and you will be put in jail".

Every poison is known but some are harder to uncover and minister treatment to said poisons, now let's begin somewhere, 

how with the most popular, Arsenic.

Mixtures of Arsenic date back to the Roman Empire, Arsenic is counted as a Meteloid in between metals and non-Metals, if it is mixed into a liquid, it will be odorless, tasteless and the symptoms resemble terrible food poisoning,

Arsenic can also be given in small doses, which will produce symptoms including weakness, confusion, paralysis, and ultimately death, once Arsenic is in the bloodstream the body mistakes it for phosphate (aka Poop), basically causing chaos around the body and stopping the 200 enzymes that help with metabolism.

Arsenic was widespread back then, but it is less popular these days because of the new technology to help detect Arsenic poisoning, around the early 19 century the method of finding Arsenic was perfected by the British chemist James Marsh, around that time if you mix Arsenic Sulfuric acid, a colorless very smelling gas named Arsine.

One Arsenic has easily detected in the usage of it declined.

Cyanide,

people tried to use Cyanide to kill Rasputin in 1916, Hydrogen Cyanide is a pale blue or colorless liquid at room temperature while Sodium cyanide and potassium Cyanide are white powder, all smell like bitter almonds.

In small doses, the human body can remove the Cyanide, which the body puts sulfur on it and it becomes Thiocyanate and it comes out as urine. Still, if it is in large doses the Cyanide prevents cells from taking oxygen. The cells start dying, symptoms of Cyanide are as follows: weakness, nausea, difficulty breathing, seizures, and more, what makes Cyanide so hard to stop is that it is so fast acting that it can kill in hours to minutes "YES MINUTES", It can be detected in blood but by the time the lab results are back the person that had Cyanide are most likely dead.

But there are secondary Indicators like extra oxygen in the blood (because the cells can't use the oxygen the person with Cyanide is breathing in, but some of these indicators can show up with other poisons, the best option is for doctors to take an educated guess and administer treatment immediacy.

Thallium.

Ingesting a single gram can kill you, Thallium Corrodes the lining of the Digestive track and causes symptoms of large amounts of pain and diarrhea, and vomiting, the Gastrointestinal symptoms last from 12- 96 hours, after 1-5 days Neuroligcan, cardiac, liver and kidney symptoms kick in, if you live long enough patents lose their hair, even though Thallium is slow acting it can be hard to detect, by the time the doctors find what it is the patent is most likely dead and the killer behind the poison has probably left the country.

Polonium-210

Polonium-210 is so strong that the lethal dose is MILIGRAMS of 210, this has only been used once in history to assassinate a former Russian spy named Alexander Litvinenko by putting Polonium-210 in his tea in London, after the tea he went to the hospital and died 3 weeks after, suffering multiple organ failures, what makes Polonium-210 so strong is that when the molecules break down Alpha radiation gets emitted, which are 2 protons and 2 neutrons, outside the body Alpha particles, can be blocked with a sheet of paper but if it is inside the body, it kills cells in the body. As far as we know this is the only case where Polonium-210 was used as a poison.

Ethylene Glycol

This is one of the components of antifreeze, as it tastes sweet and is a common poison due to the ability to be purchasable by the general public, "even if it tastes good don't drink it please, it will kill you so don't eat it or drink it", if you drink it, you may seem fine for the first few hours but the body will start breaking ethylene glycol apart to more toxic components and that in turn to grogginess and then into a Coma, the body breaks ethylene glycol into Glycolic acid, which causes a condition called "metabolic acidoses", which makes the blood in the body too acidic and the poison also makes Calcium oxalate crystals in the kidneys which physically TEAR APART the kidney tissue, most hospitals have to send a test to labs to test if someone is being poisoned by ethylene glycol and might have to wait for days until tests come back,

moral of ethylene glycol don't drink it and don't drink antifreeze.

Oleander

The Californian mortician named Timothy waters died in 1895 of what was believed of a heart attack but none suspected the poisonous plant c, it was not known that Thimothy was killed by Oleander.

Oleander refers to the genus Nerium, the small pink and purple flowers commonly found in gardens, what makes Oleander dangerous are the two potent Cardiac Glycosides, Oleanderin and Neriine, which are found in every part of the plant, it is similar to Digitalis which is a heart medication Cardiac Glycosides work by powering the ion pumps that powers heart muscle cells that which increases the force of heart muscle contraction. 

Oleander causes: cramps, vomiting, nausea, and Diarrhea, Tim spent 2 days vomiting before he died of Oleander, it was only when a rival funeral home owner bragged about killing Timothy to his informant, then doctors tested for Oleander poisoning, during an autopsy which examiners normally check for 100 compounds to find out the cause of the death of the examined, if most of the checks give back negatives for poison then the examiners may try looking at less common poisons to see the culprit of the death of the person, sadly the muder charges were dropped because the toxicologist could not confirm the results of the tests, either the reason is not oleander, or oleander is the ideal poison.

 

Nepal

 70% of the population of Nepal is in the highest mountain chain on earth, with the population of 30 million.

Kathmandu (which is where doctor strange went in the doctor strange movie), is the capital.

Kukla airport is the most dangerous airport in the world where the runway runs off a cliff, so if you don't build up enough speed, then you freefall to your death... As you most likely know Mount Everest is here.

There are agencies to help you climb mt Everest, the western agency costs about 45k (USD) or higher, and the Nepalese agency goes for about 25k(USD), only ONE person named Didier delselle, took a helicopter to Mt Everest but it is extremely dangerous

Currency of Napili rupee as currency with is parallel to the Indian rupee.

Minhaj al Muslim By Sh Tariq Appleby pt: 1

 Mahr is part of the Marriage contract, the Mahr is recommended to be simple / not complicated.

The Prophet's daughter's dowry was 400 or 500 dirhams or (136.13 USD, it is Sunnah to mention the Mahr in the wedding contract, and the Mahr is valid as any lawful thing of value whose value is more than one-fourth of a dinar, It is not only for the money you can also teach the Mahr or you can give a gift, it does not have to be something of monetary value it can be a skill, teaching the Quran or language, you can do any of those things if the bride accepts the gift instead of a gift.

Invite the poor when you have a wedding because the poor people will appreciate the meals from the wedding more than others.

You must accept Invitations to a wedding, even if you are not going to eat.

You must announce the wedding.

Youth Talk Class: 1

Magic came from Harut and Marut.

The prophet Sulaiman had control over the jins.

Jins are like humans as they have free will, at the time of Sulaiman was like a king to the Jins as the Jins had to obey Sulaiman's orders, and Allah blessed him power over them (it's as if one man was given authority over all of the human race), Sulaiman gathered all the books of Magic and put them under his throne, many people thought that Sulaiman is a Magician because he had all the books and built castles in seasons, and Magicians saw what Sulaiman did and immediately knew that that was not Magic but Miracles when the Harut and Marut showed what magic was then people started doing Magic but warned them "If you do this you are disbelieving in Allah", but they did anyway but they could only harm people that Allah chose, 

the time of Pharoh were also people of Magic, Babylon is also one of the hot spots of Magic, the Shaitan will make you take the Quran and maybe throw it down the toilet or cover it with dirt, "do not do this btw just making sure that if you are reading this don't do any of the Italics text".

Firaun had Magicians, and there was a "Magic battle" where the Magicians were fighting Musa with magic. All the Magicians were doing Magic summoning snakes yadayada, well Musa threw down his staff and it turned into a BIGGER snake, some of the Magicians saw the staff turning into a snake, and they became Muslims on the spot, Firaun said that "You need permission from me to become a Muslim, and as cut off your left leg and right arm", a bit of Prophet Muhammad's hair was taken and tied into knots and was taken by the Magicians and magic was done on the hair and the Prophet suffered because of it, but Allah made sure to not let Prophet Muhammad get harmed too much through.